@chapter{citation_2914, abstract = {
Seasonal thermal-unit accumulations drive plant growth and insect growth rates. This chapter describes the complex and interactive effects of latitudinal clines in seasonal degree-day accumulations and climate upon two swallowtail butterfly species, Papilio glaucus and P. canadensis (Lepidoptera). Specifically, their thermal environment is shown to have major effects on host-plant preferences of ovipositing females, diapause genetics, geographic limits to gene flow, voltinism differences, and body size. Latitudinal clines in insect adaptations (including co-adapted gene complexes on the sex chromosomes) are related to latitudinal clines in thermal-unit accumulation and climatic trends. Microgeographic variation in thermal-unit accumulations during the summer in northern Michigan and northern Wisconsin is correlated with certain life-history traits of P. canadensis, and may largely explain variation in adult body size and host selection that occurs within latitudes 45.0 °N to 46.5 °N.
}, author = {J M Scriber}, editor = {H V Danks}, title = {Climatic legacies and sex chromosomes: latitudinal patterns of voltinism, diapause, size, and host-plant selection in two species of swallowtail butterflies at their hybrid zone}, publisher = {Kluwer Academic}, year = {1994}, note = {LTER ack 8702332 Work inspired by KBS LTER research on insect dynamics.}, journal = {Insect Life-Cycle Polymorphism: Theory, Evolution and Ecological Consequences for Seasonality and Diapause Control}, pages = {133-171}, doi = {10.1007/978-94-017-1888-2_7} }