KBS LTER Publications

Publications associated with KBS LTER. Click on the pdf link to get open access papers or to sign-in (free and immediate) to get other papers. Click on the data link to get formally published datasets (other datasets available as noted within the publications). Other ways to view KBS LTER publications can be accessed by the Research | Publications menu above.

Publications are also available on our Google Scholar page

2024

Kahmark, K., M. Jones, S. Bohm, N. Baker, and G. P. Robertson. 2024. Rainfall Manipulation Shelters for Agricultural Research. Kellogg Biological Station Long-term Ecological Research Special Publication. Zenodo, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607631 ..

2022

Pan, D., I. Gelfand, L. Tao, M. Abraha, K. Sun, X. Guo, J. Chen, G. P. Robertson, and M. A. Zondlo. 2022. A new open-path eddy covariance method for nitrous oxide and other trace gases that minimizes temperature corrections. Global Change Biology 28:1446-1457.

2021

Bahlai, C. A., E. R. White, J. D. Perrone, S. Cusser, and K. Stack Whitney. 2021. The broken window: An algorithm for quantifying and characterizing misleading trajectories in ecological processes. Ecological Informatics 64:101336.

Belanger, M., C. Vizza, G. P. Robertson, and S. S. Roley. 2021. Quantifying and correcting for pre-assay CO2 loss in short-term carbon mineralization assays. SOIL 7:47-52.

O'Neill, B., C. D. Sprunger, and G. P. Robertson. 2021. Do soil health tests match farmer experience? Assessing biological, physical, and chemical indicators in the Upper Midwest United States. Soil Science Society of America Journal 85:903-918.

Zhang, B., C. R. Penton, Z. Yu, C. Xue, Q. Chen, Z. Chen, C. Yan, Q. Zhang, M. Zhao, J. F. Quensen, and J. M. Tiedje. 2021. A new primer set for Clade I nosZ that recovers genes from a broader range of taxa. Biology and Fertility of Soils 57:523-531.

2020

Bramer, L. M., A. M. White, K. G. Stratton, A. M. Thompson, D. Claborne, K. Hofmockel, and L. A. McCue. 2020. ftmsRanalysis: An R package for exploratory data analysis and interactive visualization of FT-MS data. PLOS Computational Biology 16:e1007654.

Grace, P., T. J. van der Weerden, D. W. Rowlings, C. Scheer, C. Brunk, R. Kiese, K. Butterbach-Bahl, R. M. Rees, G. P. Robertson, and U. M. Skiba. 2020. Global Research Alliance N2O chamber methodology guidelines: Considerations for automated flux measurement. Journal of Environmental Quality 49:1126-1140.

Kahmark, K., N. Millar, and G. P. Robertson. 2020. Static chamber method for measuring greenhouse gas fluxes. KBS LTER Special Publication. Zenodo, http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4630396..

Larimer, C. J., E. H. Denis, J. D. Suter, and J. J. Moran. 2020. Optical coherence tomography imaging of plant root growth in soil. Applied Optics 59:2474-2481.

Lin, V. S., J. J. Rosnow, M. Y. McGrady, D. N. Smercina, J. R. Nuñez, R. S. Renslow, and J. J. Moran. 2020. Non-destructive spatial analysis of phosphatase activity and total protein distribution in the rhizosphere using a root blotting method. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 146:107820.

Veličković, D., V. S. Lin, A. Rivas, C. R. Anderton, and J. J. Moran. 2020. An approach for broad molecular imaging of the root-soil interface via indirect matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 146:107804.

2019

Guo, J., J. F. Quensen, Y. Sun, Q. Wang, C. T. Brown, J. R. Cole, and J. M. Tiedje. 2019. Review, evaluation and directions for gene-targeted assembly for ecological analyses of metagenomes. Frontiers in Microbiology 10:957.

Razavi, B. S., X. Zhang, N. Bilyera, A. Guber, and M. Zarebanadkouki. 2019. Soil zymography: Simple and reliable? Review of current knowledge and optimization of the method. Rhizosphere 11:100161.

2018

Lee-Cullin, J. A., J. P. Zarnetske, S. S. Ruhala, and S. Plont. 2018. Toward measuring biogeochemistry within the stream-groundwater interface at the network scale: An initial assessment of two spatial sampling strategies. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 16:722-733.

Welshofer, K. B., P. L. Zarnetske, N. K. Lany, and L. A. Thompson. 2018. Open-top chambers for temperature manipulation in taller-stature plant communities. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 9:254-259.

2017

Dazzo, F. B. and Y. G. Yanni. 2017. Spatial ecology of microbial colonization intensity and behavior in rice rhizoplane biofilms analyzed by CMEIAS Bioimage Informatics software. Journal of Soil Science & Plant Health 1:1.

Ruhala, S. S. and J. P. Zarnetske. 2017. Using in-situ optical sensors to study dissolved organic carbon dynamics of streams and watersheds: A review. Science of The Total Environment 575:713-723.

Welshofer, K. B., P. L. Zarnetske , N. K. Lany, and L. A. Thompson. 2017. Data from: Open-top chambers for temperature manipulation in taller-stature plant communities. Dryad Digital Repository http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2br8k.

2015

Dazzo, F. B., Y. Yanni, A. Jones, and A. Elsadany. 2015. CMEIAS bioimage informatics that define the landscape ecology of immature microbial biofilms developed on plant rhizoplane surfaces. AIMS Bioengineering 2:469-486.

Ji, Z., K. J. Card, and F. B. Dazzo. 2015. CMEIAS JFrad: A digital computing tool to discriminate the fractal geometry of landscape architectures and spatial patterns of individual cells in microbial biofilms. Microbial Ecology 69:710-720.

Kravchenko, A. N. and G. P. Robertson. 2015. Statistical challenges in analyses of chamber-based soil CO2 and N2O emissions data. Soil Science Society of America Journal 79:200-211.

Robertson, G. P. and S. K. Hamilton. 2015. Long-term ecological research in agricultural landscapes at the Kellogg Biological Station LTER site: conceptual and experimental framework. Pages 1-32 in S. K. Hamilton, J. E. Doll, and G. P. Robertson, eds. The Ecology of Agricultural Landscapes: Long-Term Research on the Path to Sustainability. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Stoddard, S. F., B. J. Smith, R. Hein, B. R. Roller, and T. M. Schmidt. 2015. rrnDB: improved tools for interpreting rRNA gene abundance in bacteria and archaea and a new foundation for future development. Nucleic Acids Research 43:D593-598.

2014

Folland, I., D. Trione, and F. Dazzo. 2014. Accuracy of biovolume formulas for CMEIAS computer-assisted microscopy and body size analysis of morphologically diverse microbial populations and communities. Microbial Ecology 68:596-610.

Kravchenko, A. N., W. Negassa, A. K. Guber, and S. Schmidt. 2014. New approach to measure soil particulate organic matter in intact samples using X-ray computed microtomography. Soil Science Society of America Journal 78:1177-1185.

Necpálová, M., R. P. Anex, A. N. Kravchenko, L. J. Abendroth, S. J. Del Grosso, W. A. Dick, M. J. Helmers, D. Herzmann, J. G. Lauer, E. D. Nafziger, J. E. Sawyer, P. C. Scharf, J. S. Strock, and M. B. Villamil. 2014. What does it take to detect a change in soil carbon stock? A regional comparison of minimum detectable difference and experiment duration in the north central United States. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 69:517-531.

Ogle, S. M., P. R. Adler, F. J. Breidt, S. Del Grosso, A. Franzluebbers, M. Liebig, B. Linquist, G. P. Robertson, M. Schoeneberger, J. Six, C. van Kessel, R. Venterea, and T. West. 2014. Chapter 3: Quantifying greenhouse sources and sinks in cropland and grazing land systems. Pages 3.1-141 in M. Eve, D. Pape, M. Flugge, R. Steele, D. Man, M. Riley-Gilbert, and S. Biggar, eds. Quantifying greenhouse gas fluxes in agriculture and forestry: methods for entity-scale inventory. Technical Bulletin Number 1939. Office of the Chief Economist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C., USA.

Woltz, J. M. and D. A. Landis. 2014. Comparison of sampling methods of Aphis glycines predators across the diel cycle. Journal of Applied Entomology 138:475-484.

2013

Burgin, A. J., S. K. Hamilton, W. Gardner, and M. McCarthy. 2013. Nitrate reduction, denitrification, and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium in wetland sediments. Pages 519-537 in R. D. Delaune, R. Reddy, C. J. Richardson, and P. Megonigal, eds. Methods in biogeochemistry of wetlands. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

Dazzo, F. B., K. J. Klemmer, R. Chandler, and Y. G. Yanni. 2013. In situ ecophysiology of microbial biofilm communities analyzed by CMEIAS computer-assisted microscopy at single-cell resolution. Diversity 5:426-460.

Dazzo, F. B. and Y. G. Yanni. 2013. CMEIAS: an improved computing technology for quantitative image analysis of root colonization by Rhizobacteria in situ at single-cell resolution. Pages 733-742 in F. de Bruijn, ed. Molecular microbial ecology of the rhizosphere, Volume 2. J Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey.

Dazzo, F. B. and C. Gross. 2013. CMEIAS Quadrat Maker: A digital software tool to optimize grid dimensions and produce quadrat images for landscape ecology spatial analysis. Journal of Ecosystems & Ecography 3:136.

Dazzo, F. B. and S. Gantner. 2013. In situ calling distances and high population independent N-acylhomoserine lactone-mediated communication on plant root surfaces. Pages 785-789 in F. DeBruijn, ed. Molecular microbial ecology of the rhizosphere, Volume 2. J Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey.

Millar, N., G. P. Robertson, A. Diamant, R. J. Gehl, P. R. Grace, and J. P. Hoben. 2013. Quantifying N2O emissions reductions in US agricultural crops through N fertilizer rate reduction. Verified Carbon Standard, Washington, DC, USA.

2012

Dazzo, F. B. 2012. CMEIAS-aided microscopy of the spatial ecology of individual bacterial interactions involving cell-to-cell communication within biofilms. Sensors 12:7047-7062.

Grieshop, M. J., B. P. Werling, K. Buehrer, J. Perrone, R. Isaacs, and D. A. Landis. 2012. Big brother is watching: Studying insect predation in the age of digital surveillance. American Entomologist 58:172-182.

Kasten, E. P., S. H. Gage, J. Fox, and W. Joo. 2012. The remote environmental assessment laboratory's acoustic library: An archive for studying soundscape ecology. Ecological Informatics 12:50-67.

Millar, N., G. P. Robertson, A. Diamant, R. J. Gehl, P. R. Grace, and J. P. Hoben. 2012. Methodology for quantifying nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions reductions by reducing nitrogen fertilizer use on agricultural crops. American Carbon Registry, Winrock International, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.

2011

Smemo, K. A., N. E. Ostrom, M. R. Opdyke, P. H. Ostrom, S. Bohm, and G. P. Robertson. 2011. Improving process-based estimates of N2O emissions from soil using temporally extensive chamber techniques and stable isotopes. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 91:145-154.

Wang, W., A. N. Kravchenko, A. J. Smucker, and M. L. Rivers. 2011. Comparison of image segmentation methods in simulated 2D and 3D microtomographic images of soil aggregates. Geoderma 162:231-241.

2010

Dazzo, F. B. 2010. CMEIAS digital microscopy and quantitative image analysis of microorganisms. Vol 2, Pages 1083-1090 in A. Mendez-Vilas and J. Diaz, eds. Microscopy: Science, Technology, Applications and Education. Formatex Research Center Microscopy Book Series #4, Badajoz, Spain.

Gross, C. A., C. Reddy, and F. B. Dazzo. 2010. CMEIAS color segmentation: an improved computing technology to process color images for quantitative microbial ecology studies at single-cell resolution. Microbial Ecology 59:400-414.

2009

Kravchenko, A. N., M. A. Martin, A. J. Smucker, and M. L. Rivers. 2009. Limitations in determining multifractal spectra from pore–solid soil aggregate images. Vadose Zone Journal 8:220-226.

Lee, Z. M., C. Bussema, and T. M. Schmidt. 2009. rrnDB: Documenting the number of rRNA and tRNA genes in bacteria and archaea. Nucleic Acids Research 37:D489-D493.

2008

Mason, R., P. Roe, M. Towsey, J. Zhang, J. Gibson, and S. Gage. 2008. Towards an acoustic environmental observatory. Pages 135-142 in Fourth IEEE International Conference on eScience, 2008. IEEE, Indianapolis, Indiana.

Morales, S. E., T. F. Cosart, J. V. Johnson, and W. E. Holben. 2008. Supplemental programs for enhanced recovery of data from the DOTUR application. Journal of Microbiological Methods 75:572-575.

2007

Dazzo, F. B., M. Schmid, and A. Hartmann. 2007. Immunofluorescence microscopy and fluorescence in situ hybridization combined with CMEIAS and other image analysis tools for soil- and plant-associated microbial autecology. Pages 712-733 in J. L. Garland, C. Hurst, D. Lipson, A. L. Mills, L. Stezenbach, and R. C. Crawford, eds. Manual of Environmental Microbiology, 3rd Ed.. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC.

Pike, K. S., P. Stary, M. J. Brewer, T. Noma, S. Langley, and M. E. Kaiser. 2007. A new species of Binodoxys (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidlinae), parasitoid of the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, with comments on biocontrol. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 109:359-365.

Thorn, R. G., J. Scott, and M. A. Lachance. 2007. Methods for studying terrestrial fungal ecology and diversity. Pages 929-951 in E. A. Paul, ed. Methods for General and Molecular Microbiology, 3rd Ed.. Elsevier Academic Press, Oxford, UK.

2006

Gantner, S., M. Schmid, C. Durr, R. Schuhegger, A. Steidle, P. Hutzler, C. Langebartels, L. Eberl, A. Hartmann, and F. B. Dazzo. 2006. In situ quantitation of the spatial scale of calling distances and population density-independent N-acylhomoserine lactone-mediated communication by rhizobacteria colonized on plant roots. FEMS Microbial Ecology 56:188-194.

Pietola, L. and A. J. Smucker. 2006. Elimination of non-root residue by image analysis of very fine roots. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 53:92-97.

Stres, B. and J. M. Tiedje. 2006. New frontiers in soil microbiology: How to link structure and function of microbial communities? Vol 8, Pages 1-22 in P. Nannipieri and K. Smalla, eds. Soil Biology: Nucleic Acids and Proteins in Soil. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany.

Sutka, R. L., N. E. Ostrom, P. H. Ostrom, J. A. Breznak, H. Gandhi, A. J. Pitt, and F. Li. 2006. Distinguishing nitrous oxide production from nitrification and denitrification on the basis of isotopomer abundances. 72:638-644.

2005

Porter, J. H., P. Arzberger, H. -. Braun, P. Bryant, S. H. Gage, T. Hansen, P. Hanson, C. C. Lin, F. P. Lin, T. K. Kratz, W. Michener, S. Shapiro, and T. Williams. 2005. Wireless sensor networks for ecology. BioScience 7:561-572.

2004

Dazzo, F. B. 2004. New CMEIAS image analysis software for computer-assisted microscopy of microorganisms and their ecology. Microscopy Today 12:18-23.

Reddy, C. K. and F. B. Dazzo. 2004. Computer-assisted segmentation of bacteria in color micrographs. Microscopy & Analysis 18:5-7.

2002

McDermott, T. R. and F. B. Dazzo. 2002. Use of fluorescent antibodies for studying the ecology of soil- and plant-associated microbes. Pages 615-626 in Manual of Environmental Microbiology. American Society for Microbiology Press, Washington, DC, USA.

2001

Bergsma, T. T., N. E. Ostrom, M. Emmons, and G. P. Robertson. 2001. Measuring simultaneous fluxes from soil of N2O and N2 in the field using the 15N-Gas "Nonequilibrium" technique. Environmental Science and Technology 35:4307-4312.

Liu, J., F. B. Dazzo, O. Glagoleva, B. Yu, and A. Jain. 2001. CMEIAS: A computer-aided system for the image analysis of bacterial morphotypes in microbial communities. Microbial Ecology 41:173-194.

1999

Bledsoe, C. S., T. J. Fahey, F. P. Day, and R. W. Reuss. 1999. Measurement of static root parameters: biomass, length, and distribution in the soil profile. Pages 413-436 in G. P. Robertson, D. C. Coleman, C. S. Bledsoe, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Boone, R. D., D. F. Grigal, P. Sollins, R. J. Ahrens, and D. E. Armstrong. 1999. Soil sampling, preparation, archiving, and quality control. Pages 3-28 in G. P. Robertson, D. C. Coleman, C. S. Bledsoe, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Coleman, D. C., J. M. Blair, E. T. Elliott, and D. H. Wall. 1999. Soil invertebrates. Pages 349-377 in G. P. Robertson, D. C. Coleman, C. S. Bledsoe, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Elliott, E. T., J. W. Heil, E. F. Kelly, and H. C. Monger. 1999. Soil structural and other physical properties. Pages 74-85 in G. P. Robertson, D. C. Coleman, C. S. Bledsoe, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Fahey, T., C. S. Bledsoe, F. Day, R. Ruess, and A. J. Smucker. 1999. Fine root production and demography. Pages 437-455 in G. P. Robertson, C. S. Bledsoe, D. C. Coleman, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-Term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Grigal, D. F., J. C. Bell, R. A. Ahrens, R. D. Boone, E. F. Kelly, H. C. Monger, and P. Sollins. 1999. Site and landscape characterization for ecological studies. Pages 29-54 in G. P. Robertson, D. C. Coleman, C. S. Bledsoe, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Groffman, P. M., E. A. Holland, D. D. Myrold, G. P. Robertson, and X. Zou. 1999. Denitrification. Pages 272-290 in G. P. Robertson, C. S. Bledsoe, D. C. Coleman, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-Term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Harmon, M. E. and K. Lajtha. 1999. Analysis of detritus and organic horizons for mineral and organic constituents. Pages 143-165 in G. P. Robertson, D. C. Coleman, C. S. Bledsoe, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Harmon, M. E., K. J. Nadelhoffer, and J. M. Blair. 1999. Measuring decomposition, nutrient turnover, and stores in plant litter. Pages 202-240 in G. P. Robertson, D. C. Coleman, C. S. Bledsoe, and P. Sollins, eds. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Holland, E. A., G. P. Robertson, J. Greenberg, P. Groffman, R. Boone, and J. Gosz. 1999. Soil CO2, N2O, and CH4 Exchange. Pages 185-201 in G. P. Robertson, C. S. Bledsoe, D. C. Coleman, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-Term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Jarrell, W. M., D. E. Armstrong, D. F. Grigal, E. F. Kelly, H. C. Monger, and D. A. Wedin. 1999. Soil water and temperature status. Standard Soil Methods for Long-term Ecological Research

Johnson, N. C., T. E. O'Dell, and C. S. Bledsoe. 1999. Methods for ecological studies of mycorrhizae. Pages 378-412 in G. P. Robertson, D. C. Coleman, C. S. Bledsoe, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Lajtha, K., W. M. Jarrell, D. W. Johnson, and P. Sollins. 1999. Collection of soil solution. Pages 166-184 in G. P. Robertson, D. C. Coleman, C. S. Bledsoe, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Lajtha, K., C. T. Driscoll, W. M. Jarrell, and E. T. Elliott. 1999. Soil phosphorus: characterization and total element analysis. Pages 115-142 in G. P. Robertson, D. C. Coleman, C. S. Bledsoe, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Myrold, D. D., R. Reuss, and M. J. Klug. 1999. Dinitrogen fixation. Pages 241-257 in G. P. Robertson, C. S. Bledsoe, D. C. Coleman, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-Term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Paul, E. A., D. Harris, M. Klug, and R. Ruess. 1999. The determination of microbial biomass. Pages 291-317 in G. P. Robertson, C. S. Bledsoe, D. C. Coleman, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-Term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Sinsabaugh, R. L., M. J. Klug, H. P. Collins, P. E. Yeager, and S. O. Peterson. 1999. Characterizing soil microbial communities. Pages 318-348 in G. P. Robertson, C. S. Bledsoe, D. C. Coleman, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-Term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York.

Sollins, P., C. Glassman, E. A. Paul, C. Swanston, K. Lajtha, J. Heil, and T. E. Elliott. 1999. Soil carbon and nitrogen pools and fractions. Pages 89-105 in G. P. Robertson, C. S. Bledsoe, D. C. Coleman, and P. Sollins, eds. Standard Soil Methods for Long-Term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New York, New York.

1998

Ambus, P. and G. P. Robertson. 1998. Automated near-continuous measurement of carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide fluxes from soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal 62:394-400.

Kemner, K. M., W. Yun, Z. Cai, B. Lai, H. R. Lee, D. G. Lengnini, W. Rodriguez, J. Jastrow, R. M. Miller, S. T. Pratt, M. A. Schnnegurt, C. F. Kulpa, and A. J. Smucker. 1998. Using X-ray microprobes for environmental research. Proceedings of the International Society for Optical Engineering 3449:45-54.

1997

Harris, D., R. P. Voroney, and E. A. Paul. 1997. Measurement of microbial biomass N:C by chloroform fumigation-incubation. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 77:507-514.

Johnson, L. B. and S. H. Gage. 1997. Landscape approaches to the analysis of aquatic ecosystems. Freshwater Biology 37:113-132.

1996

Eash, N. S., P. D. Stahl, T. B. Parkin, and D. L. Karlen. 1996. A simplified method for extraction of ergosterol from soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal 60:468-471.

1994

Holben, W. E. 1994. Isolation and purification of bacterial DNA from soil. Pages 727-751 in R. Weaver, P. Bottomly, and S. Angle, eds. Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2. Microbiological and Biochemical Properties. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

1993

Klug, M. J. and J. M. Tiedje. 1993. Response of microbial communities to changing environmental conditions: chemical and physiological approaches. Pages 371-374 in R. Guerrero and C. Pedros-Alio, eds. Trends in Microbial Ecology. Spanish Society for Microbiology, Barcelona, Spain.

1990

Smucker, A. J. 1990. Quantification of root dynamics in agroecological systems. Remote Sensing Reviews 5:237-248.