<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><eml:eml xmlns:eml="https://eml.ecoinformatics.org/eml-2.2.0" xmlns:stmml="http://www.xml-cml.org/schema/stmml-1.1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="https://eml.ecoinformatics.org/eml-2.2.0 https://lter.kbs.msu.edu/docs/eml-2.2.0/eml.xsd" packageId="knb-lter-kbs.198.23" system="KBS LTER"><access scope="document" order="allowFirst" authSystem="knb"><allow><principal>uid=KBS,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org</principal><permission>all</permission></allow><allow><principal>uid=sbohm,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org</principal><permission>all</permission></allow><allow><principal>public</principal><permission>read</permission></allow></access><dataset><alternateIdentifier system="lter.kbs.msu.edu">https://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/198.eml</alternateIdentifier><title>Bromide Tracer Results from Hess’ Rainfall Intensification Study  at the Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI  (2015 to 2018)</title><creator><individualName><givenName>Laura</givenName><surName>Hess</surName></individualName><organizationName>Stanford University</organizationName><address><city>Stanford</city><administrativeArea>California</administrativeArea><country>US</country></address><phone phonetype="phone"></phone><phone phonetype="fax"></phone><electronicMailAddress>lhess@stanford.edu</electronicMailAddress></creator><associatedParty><individualName><givenName>David</givenName><surName>Weed</surName></individualName><organizationName>Michigan State University</organizationName><address><city>Hickory Corners</city><administrativeArea>Michigan</administrativeArea><country>US</country></address><phone phonetype="phone"></phone><phone phonetype="fax"></phone><electronicMailAddress>weedd@msu.edu</electronicMailAddress><role>principal contact</role></associatedParty><associatedParty><individualName><givenName>Stephen</givenName><surName>Hamilton</surName></individualName><organizationName>Michigan State University</organizationName><address><deliveryPoint>3700 East Gull Lake Drive</deliveryPoint><city>Hickory Corners</city><administrativeArea>MI</administrativeArea><postalCode>49060</postalCode></address><phone phonetype="phone">(269) 671-2231</phone><phone phonetype="fax">(269)671-2104</phone><electronicMailAddress>hamilton@msu.edu</electronicMailAddress><userId directory="http://orcid.org">0000-0002-4702-9017</userId><role>principal contact</role></associatedParty><pubDate>2026-10-14</pubDate><abstract><section><title>Dataset Abstract</title><para></para><para>original data source http://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/198</para></section></abstract><keywordSet><keyword keywordType="place">LTER</keyword><keyword keywordType="place">KBS</keyword><keyword keywordType="place">Kellogg Biological Station</keyword><keyword keywordType="place">Hickory Corners</keyword><keyword keywordType="place">Michigan</keyword><keyword keywordType="place">Great Lakes</keyword></keywordSet><keywordSet><keyword keywordType="theme">nitrate</keyword><keyword keywordType="theme">bromide</keyword><keyword keywordType="theme">chloride</keyword></keywordSet><keywordSet><keyword>Inorganic Nutrients</keyword><keyword>Disturbance</keyword><keywordThesaurus>LTER Core Research Area</keywordThesaurus></keywordSet><keywordSet><keyword keywordType="theme">farming</keyword><keyword keywordType="theme">biota</keyword><keywordThesaurus>https://apps.usgs.gov/thesaurus/thesaurus-full.php?thcode=15</keywordThesaurus></keywordSet><intellectualRights><para>Data in the KBS LTER core database may not be published without written permission of the lead investigator or project director. These restrictions are intended mainly to preserve the primary investigators' rights to first publication and to ensure that data users are aware of the limitations that may be associated with any specific data set. These restrictions apply to both the baseline data set and to the data sets associated with specific LTER-supported subprojects.</para><para>All publications of KBS data and images must acknowledge KBS LTER support.</para></intellectualRights><coverage><geographicCoverage><geographicDescription>The areas around the Kellogg Biological Station in southwest Michigan</geographicDescription><boundingCoordinates><westBoundingCoordinate>-85.404699</westBoundingCoordinate><eastBoundingCoordinate>-85.366857</eastBoundingCoordinate><northBoundingCoordinate>42.420265</northBoundingCoordinate><southBoundingCoordinate>42.391019</southBoundingCoordinate></boundingCoordinates></geographicCoverage></coverage><contact><organizationName>Kellogg Biological Station</organizationName><positionName>Data Manager</positionName><electronicMailAddress>lter.data.manager@kbs.msu.edu</electronicMailAddress><onlineUrl>http://lter.kbs.msu.edu</onlineUrl><userId directory="https://ror.org/">02vkce854</userId></contact><publisher><organizationName>KBS LTER</organizationName></publisher><project><title>LTER: KBS - Ecological and Social Mechanisms of Resilience in Agroecosystems</title><personnel><organizationName/><role>program</role></personnel><award><funderName>National Science Foundation</funderName><funderIdentifier>http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001</funderIdentifier><awardNumber>DEB 2224712</awardNumber><title>LTER: KBS - Ecological and Social Mechanisms of Resilience in Agroecosystems</title><awardUrl>https%3A%2F%2Fnsf.gov%2Fawardsearch%2FshowAward%3FAWD_ID%3D2224712%26HistoricalAwards%3Dfalse</awardUrl></award></project><dataTable><alternateIdentifier system="lter.kbs.msu.edu">https://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datatables/731</alternateIdentifier><entityName>Kellogg Biological Station LTER: Soil Water Anion Concentrations from Hess' Rainfall Intensification Study (KBS021-007)</entityName><entityDescription>Rain exclusion experiment subplots were set up on the north end of T1 and T2 MCSE plots in 2015, allowing for plot manipulation with 5m x 5m Rainout shelters and porewater samplers installed in the centers of each subplot at 120cm depth. After the bromide tracer was applied, leachate collection and analysis were used to show rates of percolation based on tillage and rainfall manipulation (or lack thereof). Shelters were removed in 2018, but the samplers remain in place.
</entityDescription><physical><objectName>Soil+Water+Anion+Concentrations+from+Hes'+Rainfal+Intensification+Study.csv</objectName><encodingMethod>None</encodingMethod><dataFormat><textFormat><numHeaderLines>30</numHeaderLines><numFooterLines>1</numFooterLines><recordDelimiter>\n</recordDelimiter><attributeOrientation>column</attributeOrientation><simpleDelimited><fieldDelimiter>,</fieldDelimiter><collapseDelimiters>no</collapseDelimiters><quoteCharacter>"</quoteCharacter><literalCharacter>\</literalCharacter></simpleDelimited></textFormat></dataFormat><distribution><online><url>https://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datatables/731.csv</url></online></distribution></physical><attributeList><attribute><attributeName>sample_date</attributeName><attributeDefinition>date the sample was collected</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><dateTime><formatString>YYYY-MM-DD</formatString><dateTimePrecision>1</dateTimePrecision><dateTimeDomain><bounds><minimum exclusive="true">1987-4-18</minimum></bounds></dateTimeDomain></dateTime></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>site</attributeName><attributeDefinition>the sample site</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><nominal><nonNumericDomain><textDomain><definition>the sample site</definition></textDomain></nonNumericDomain></nominal></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>treatment</attributeName><attributeDefinition>the treatment of the plot</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><nominal><nonNumericDomain><textDomain><definition>the treatment of the plot</definition></textDomain></nonNumericDomain></nominal></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>replicate</attributeName><attributeDefinition>the replicate plot</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><nominal><nonNumericDomain><textDomain><definition>the replicate plot</definition></textDomain></nonNumericDomain></nominal></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>location</attributeName><attributeDefinition>location within the plot</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><nominal><nonNumericDomain><textDomain><definition>location within the plot</definition></textDomain></nonNumericDomain></nominal></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>NO3_N</attributeName><attributeDefinition>NO3-N </attributeDefinition><measurementScale><ratio><unit><standardUnit>milligramsPerLiter</standardUnit></unit><numericDomain><numberType>real</numberType></numericDomain></ratio></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>Cl</attributeName><attributeDefinition>Cl</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><ratio><unit><standardUnit>milligramsPerLiter</standardUnit></unit><numericDomain><numberType>real</numberType></numericDomain></ratio></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>SO4</attributeName><attributeDefinition>SO4</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><ratio><unit><standardUnit>milligramsPerLiter</standardUnit></unit><numericDomain><numberType>real</numberType></numericDomain></ratio></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>Br</attributeName><attributeDefinition>Br</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><ratio><unit><standardUnit>milligramsPerLiter</standardUnit></unit><numericDomain><numberType>real</numberType></numericDomain></ratio></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>sample_id</attributeName><attributeDefinition>internal sample id</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><nominal><nonNumericDomain><textDomain><definition>internal sample id</definition></textDomain></nonNumericDomain></nominal></measurementScale></attribute></attributeList></dataTable><dataTable><alternateIdentifier system="lter.kbs.msu.edu">https://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datatables/654</alternateIdentifier><entityName>Kellogg Biological Station LTER: Soil Bromide from Hess’ Rainfall Intensification Study (KBS137-001)</entityName><entityDescription>Change in bromide in soils under extreme and control rainout shelters over the study period.</entityDescription><physical><objectName>Soil+Bromide+from+Hes’+Rainfal+Intensification+Study.csv</objectName><encodingMethod>None</encodingMethod><dataFormat><textFormat><numHeaderLines>28</numHeaderLines><numFooterLines>1</numFooterLines><recordDelimiter>\n</recordDelimiter><attributeOrientation>column</attributeOrientation><simpleDelimited><fieldDelimiter>,</fieldDelimiter><collapseDelimiters>no</collapseDelimiters><quoteCharacter>"</quoteCharacter><literalCharacter>\</literalCharacter></simpleDelimited></textFormat></dataFormat><distribution><online><url>https://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datatables/654.csv</url></online></distribution></physical><attributeList><attribute><attributeName>treatment</attributeName><attributeDefinition>MCSE treatment</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><nominal><nonNumericDomain><textDomain><definition>MCSE treatment</definition></textDomain></nonNumericDomain></nominal></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>replicate</attributeName><attributeDefinition>replicate nested in treatment</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><nominal><nonNumericDomain><textDomain><definition>replicate nested in treatment</definition></textDomain></nonNumericDomain></nominal></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>field_section</attributeName><attributeDefinition>field section in the plot</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><nominal><nonNumericDomain><textDomain><definition>field section in the plot</definition></textDomain></nonNumericDomain></nominal></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>rainfall_treatment</attributeName><attributeDefinition>rainfall manipulation</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><nominal><nonNumericDomain><textDomain><definition>rainfall manipulation</definition></textDomain></nonNumericDomain></nominal></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>horizon</attributeName><attributeDefinition>soil horizon from the top (horizon 1) to bottom (horizon 5).</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><nominal><nonNumericDomain><textDomain><definition>soil horizon from the top (horizon 1) to bottom (horizon 5).</definition></textDomain></nonNumericDomain></nominal></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>horizon_length_cm</attributeName><attributeDefinition>length of soil horizon</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><ratio><unit><standardUnit>centimeter</standardUnit></unit><numericDomain><numberType>real</numberType></numericDomain></ratio></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>bromide_initial_g_m2</attributeName><attributeDefinition>the amount of bromide application</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><ratio><unit><standardUnit>gramsPerSquareMeter</standardUnit></unit><numericDomain><numberType>real</numberType></numericDomain></ratio></measurementScale></attribute><attribute><attributeName>bromide_remaining_in_soil_ug_g_soil</attributeName><attributeDefinition>bromide remaining in the soil at the end of the experiment</attributeDefinition><measurementScale><ratio><unit><standardUnit>microgramsPerGram</standardUnit></unit><numericDomain><numberType>real</numberType></numericDomain></ratio></measurementScale></attribute></attributeList></dataTable><usageCitation><bibtex>@article{citation_3751,
  author = {L Hess and E L Hinckley and G Philip Robertson and S K Hamilton and P Matson},
  title = {Rainfall intensification enhances deep percolation and soil water content in tilled and no-till cropping systems in the US Midwest},
  year = {2018},
  journal = {Vadose Zone Journal},
  pages = {180128},
  volume = {17},
  doi = {10.2136/vzj2018.07.0128}
}
</bibtex></usageCitation></dataset></eml:eml>