uid=KBS,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=orgalluid=sbohm,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=orgallpublicreadhttps://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/67.emlG.RobertsonMichigan State University

3700 East Gull Lake DriveHickory CornersMI49060US

(269) 760-8364(269)671-2351robert30@msu.edu0000-0001-9771-9895KevinKahmarkMichigan State University

3700 East Gull Lake DriveHickory CornersMI49060US

269-671-2330kahmark@msu.eduNevilleMillarMichigan State University

3700 E Gull Lake DrHickory CornersMI49060US

millarn@msu.edu0000-0003-0297-0804StaceyVanderWulpMichigan State University

3700 East Gull Lake DriveHickory CornersMI49060US

(269) 671-2339(269) 671-2333vanderws@msu.eduprincipal contact2026-07-18

original data source http://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/67

LTERKBSKellogg Biological StationHickory CornersMichiganGreat LakesCO2Organic MatterInorganic NutrientsDisturbanceLTER Core Research AreaCO2carbon dioxidetrace gasesfluxnitrous oxidemethaneCH4N2Ofarmingbiotahttps://apps.usgs.gov/thesaurus/thesaurus-full.php?thcode=15Data in the KBS LTER core database may not be published without written permission of the lead investigator or project director. These restrictions are intended mainly to preserve the primary investigators' rights to first publication and to ensure that data users are aware of the limitations that may be associated with any specific data set. These restrictions apply to both the baseline data set and to the data sets associated with specific LTER-supported subprojects.All publications of KBS data and images must acknowledge KBS LTER support.The areas around the Kellogg Biological Station in southwest Michigan-85.404699-85.36685742.42026542.3910192008-06-052016-12-02Kellogg Biological StationData Managerlter.data.manager@kbs.msu.eduhttp://lter.kbs.msu.edu02vkce854KBS LTERAgricultural soils can serve as both sources and sinks of greenhouse gases (GHGs). To measure the flux of biogenic GHGs (CO2, CH4, and N2O) from soil, we use static flux chambers and withdraw four gas samples over the course of an hour to determine changes in chamber gas concentration over that time interval. CH4 and N2O are determined by gas chromatography; CO2 by either infrared gas analysis or spectroscopy. Fluxes are expressed as grams or kilograms of elemental gas per hectare per day. Sampling Frequency: Depends on the experiment, time of year, and research objective. As part of our sampling program of the LTER Main Cropping System Experiment (MCSE), GHG fluxes are measured weekly to monthly throughout the growing season (since 1991) and monthly throughout the winter (since 2013). Fluxes are often episodic and associated with major agronomic events like tillage and fertilization.Data Managerhttp://lter.kbs.msu.edu/protocols/113Agricultural soils can serve as both sources and sinks of greenhouse gases (GHG). To instantaneously measure the flux of GHG (CO2, CH4, and N2O) from soil, we use an Integrated Cavity Output Spectroscopy (ICOS) instrument (Los Gatos Research, Inc.) with an inline Infrared Gas Analyzer (IRGA), both mounted on an electric-powered John Deere Gator making the ICOS unit conveniently mobile (MICOS). The instrumentation is connected to a round stainless steel chamber with ¼” OD Teflon tubing that recirculates chamber headspace between the instrument and chamber. A web application calculates the slope of changes in GHG concentrations over time (ppm/min) and provides a final flux value for each trace gas. For sampling of LTER plots, a five-minute closure period (1-2 min equilibration included) is sufficient for each flux measurement, though timing can vary. Fluxes are expressed as grams of gas (N2O-N for example) per hectare per day (g/ha/d) or ug/m2/hr. The data are stored on a server and can be downloaded after sampling. Sampling Frequency: Depends on the experiment, time of year, and research objective. Fluxes are often episodic and associated with major agronomic events like tillage and fertilization. Winter fluxes may be measured by manual static chamber methods if conditions are not conducive to MICOS sampling. Extensive testing has established no measurement bias between the two methods.Data Managerhttp://lter.kbs.msu.edu/protocols/196https://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datatables/331Kellogg Biological Station LTER: Soil Temperature - with Trace Gas Sampling (KBS062-003)Soil temperature measured at the same time as the trace gas flux sampling from static chambers at the GLBRC Biofuel Intensive site.Soil+Temperature+-+with+Trace+Gas+Sampling.csvNone231\ncolumn,no"\https://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datatables/331.csvsample_datemeasurement dateYYYY-MM-DD11987-4-18treatmentexperimental treatmentexperimental treatmentreplicatereplicate nested within treatmentreplicate nested within treatmentsoil_temperaturesoil temperaturecelsiusrealhttps://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datatables/332Kellogg Biological Station LTER: Soil Temperature - with Trace Gas Sampling (KBS062-004)Soil temperature measured at the same time as the trace gas flux sampling from static chambers at the GLBRC Biofuel Scale-up sites.Soil+Temperature+-+with+Trace+Gas+Sampling.csvNone231\ncolumn,no"\https://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datatables/332.csvsample_datedate measuredYYYY-MM-DD11987-4-18treatmentexperimental treatmentexperimental treatmentreplicatereplicate nested within treatmentreplicate nested within treatmentsoil_temperaturesoil temperaturecelsiusrealhttps://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datatables/523Kellogg Biological Station LTER: Soil Moisture associated with gas sampling (KBS062-005)Soil samples (top 25 cm) are taken once for each plot during each gas sampling campaign. The soil moisture is determined gravimetrically.Soil+Moisture+asociated+with+gas+sampling.csvNone251\ncolumn,no"\https://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datatables/523.csvsample_dateThe day the sample was takenYYYY-MM-DD11987-4-18SiteThe site the sample was taken fromThe site the sample was taken fromtreatmentThe plot treatment designationThe plot treatment designationreplicateThe replicate designationThe replicate designationchamberchamber that the sample is associated withchamber that the sample is associated withmoisturegravimetric soil moisture (weight/weight)gramsPerGramrealhttps://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datatables/524Kellogg Biological Station LTER: Soil Moisture associated with gas sampling (KBS062-006)Soil samples (top 25 cm) are taken once for each plot during each gas sampling campaign. The soil moisture is determined gravimetrically.Soil+Moisture+asociated+with+gas+sampling.csvNone251\ncolumn,no"\https://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datatables/524.csvsample_dateThe day the sample was takenYYYY-MM-DD11987-4-18SiteThe site the sample was taken fromThe site the sample was taken fromtreatmentThe plot treatment designationThe plot treatment designationreplicateThe replicate designationThe replicate designationchamberchamber that the sample is associated withchamber that the sample is associated withmoisturegravimetric soil moisture on a dry weight basis (weight/weight)gramsPerGramreal@article{citation_3101, author = {I Gelfand and T Zenone and P Jasrotia and J Chen and S K Hamilton and G P Robertson}, title = {Carbon debt of Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) grasslands converted to bioenergy production}, year = {2011}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA}, pages = {13864-13869}, volume = {108}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.1017277108} }