Investigators at the KBS LTER are working with Michigan Department of Natural Resources staff to determine how replacing under-yielding areas of croplands with native perennial plants can improve biodiversity and ecosystem services while having the lowest loss in agricultural production. The study represents co-production of knowledge through identifying shared goals and questions, and a great opportunity to scale up long term ecological knowledge generated at the LTER to the farm scale. Agricultural landscapes represent a balancing act between different interests and goals. These lands
MSU researchers uncover decline in butterfly populations, highlighting urgent need for conservation efforts
MSU Researchers found a 22% decline in butterfly populations from 2000 to 2020. Their work explores how prairie strips in agricultural areas can support insect populations. Dr. Nick Haddad, Director of the Kellogg Biological Station Long Term Ecological Research Program, co-led a research project with Dr. Elise Zipkin, director of MSU’s Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Program, to evaluate the state of butterfly populations across the United States. They report that from 2000 to 2020, the total butterfly abundance has fallen by 22% - shocking rates that demand action. The Haddad lab
Long-term study reveals best practices for building soil carbon in agricultural soils
Investigators at the KBS LTER site find differences in soil carbon gain among cover cropped, no-till, and perennial cropping systems after 25-years. Cover cropping found to be a powerful tool for building soil carbon even in cropping systems that are plowed. No-till and diverse perennial plantings also emerge as effective ways to build long-term soil carbon stores. Soil carbon, often called the foundation of soil fertility, plays a crucial role in enhancing plant water availability, supporting beneficial microbes and insects, improving drainage, and promoting nutrient cycling and
Prairie strips: a refuge in an agricultural desert or an ecological trap for native pollinators?
Graduate research from the LTER shows that prairie strips planted within agricultural monocrops are not an “ecological trap” for native pollinators - but they also don’t reduce insecticide runoff that may pose a threat. Agriculture is essential, but the lack of biodiversity in farmland can create ecological barrens. Prairie strips - the long, thin strips of tallgrass prairie vegetation planted adjacent to agriculture - have potential to bring ecosystem services into agricultural spaces, such as increased pollination, enhanced microbial diversity, and containment of nutrient
Long-term data provides new perspective on agricultural impacts on arthropod diversity
A 30-year study on ground beetles from the KBS LTER reveals significant declines in beetle abundance and community composition in agricultural systems. Rates of decline were must faster in fields with chemical inputs, compared to organic systems. Data that spans multiple decades has the potential not only to reveal long-term trends, but also provide answers to new and exciting questions. This is particularly important in agricultural systems, where the impacts of different management practices can take many years to be seen. Recent research from by KBS LTER graduate student Cindy Fiser
Graduate research from the KBS LTER explores grassland resilience to climate change
Two decades of data on plant communities and weather from the LTER Main Cropping Systems Experiment show that extreme dry and wet years reduce species richness (the number of species) but increase evenness (how evenly abundant the species are). Because richness and evenness also increase long-term stability and resistance to extreme precipitation events, these changes to communities might have long-lasting effects on the resilience of plant communities to the increasingly variable precipitation patterns expected in the future. While the focus of climate change is often on warming
Award-winning graduate research highlights previously unrecorded benefits of prairie strips
Three years of butterfly surveys across the LTER Main Cropping Systems Experiment show that agricultural plots where 5% of cropland was converted to prairie harbor unique species and have a greater abundance of butterflies than plots without prairie. This work earned Lindsey Kemmerling, who completed her Ph.D. studies at W.K. Kellogg Biological Station in the Haddad Lab, the 2023 Royal Entomological Society Journal Award. As agriculture increases in intensity across the U.S., finding ways to conserve ecological systems while supporting crop production has become critical. Keeping native
Drought effect on pore structure in soils: Reflections from an LTER Fellow
Goutham Thotakuri is a graduate student in the Kravchenko lab at Michigan State University. His research is focused on the study of carbon transfer between various cover crop species and soil carbon sequestration. Recent changes to our climate dynamics have brought on alarming drought conditions in many parts of the world. Since we cannot control the climate, we need to prepare our agricultural systems for adversity. One way to do this is through understanding the soil's hydro-physical and biochemical processes. We can identify critical factors influencing drought resilience by
Exploring the effects of multiple crises on the global food trade system: Reflections from an LTER Fellow
Nan Jia is a graduate student at Michigan State University's Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, and Environmental Science and Policy Program. Her PhD research seeks to uncover how the multiple crises affect global food trade system dynamics. She worked closely with Jack (Jianguo) Liu and members of the lab to reveal the impact of different crises on different stages of trade such as production, handling, transportation, and consumption by using production data, trade data, supply chain data, and consumption data. The interactions between
Similar invasive insects coexist through slight differences in environmental responses
Novel analyses of a 31-year dataset on invading ladybeetles shows that small differences in habitat preference across years allow for two similar invading species to coexist while native species decline. Invasive species lead to novel interactions Invasive species are one of the main threats to biodiversity in an increasingly interconnected world. As humans move organisms around, either purposefully or incidentally, new combinations of species have the opportunity to interact with one another. These novel interactions have the potential to affect an invader’s persistence in the
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